A deep, dark bowl of New Orleans gumbo with rice in the centre

New Orleans · Survival · Resilience

The Gumbo That Came From Nothing

Celeste B. · New Orleans, USA · ❤ 186
Three days after the storm my grandmother stood in the wreckage and started a roux. I understood then that making food is an act of defiance.

My grandmother, Odette, came back to New Orleans on the third day after Katrina, which the police were telling people not to do and which she did anyway. She was sixty-eight years old and had lived in the Tremblé her entire life and was not, she told the officer at the checkpoint, going to be told she could not go home. She walked the last mile because the road was flooded to the tyre hubs of any car. She got to the house on Ursulines Avenue and found the first floor under four feet of water that was beginning to recede, leaving behind a tide line of mud and wreckage at shoulder height.

She found, in the cabinet above the stove — high enough to have stayed dry — a bag of flour, a bottle of vegetable oil, a can of diced tomatoes, some dried herbs, a bag of dried red beans, and three andouille sausages that had survived in a cooler. She found, in the backyard under the debris of the neighbour’s fence, her grandmother’s cast-iron pot, which had been there since before she was born and which she took as a sign. She lit the gas on the stove. Gas still worked. She started a roux.

I was not there. I was sixteen and staying with cousins in Baton Rouge. My mother called me that evening and said, ‘Grand-mère is back at the house and she’s making gumbo.’ She said it the way you would report something both completely predictable and slightly miraculous. We drove back the next morning and ate it in the kitchen, the mud still on the walls, the waterline marking every surface, sitting on the dry second-floor landing because the ground floor was not yet safe. The gumbo was the best thing I had ever eaten. I am aware that grief and relief and exhaustion can do this to food. I am also fairly certain it was simply the best gumbo.

Odette died in 2018, at eighty-one, in the house on Ursulines Avenue, which she had repaired and repainted and refused to leave. She left me two things: the cast-iron pot and the gumbo recipe, written in her looping cursive on a piece of notebook paper tucked inside the pot itself, as if she had always intended that to be how I found it.

The recipe is not simple, and she never pretended it was. A dark roux takes forty minutes of constant stirring and will burn if you stop. The trinity — onion, celery, bell pepper — must be cooked until it nearly disappears into the roux. The stock must be rich and real. She wrote at the bottom of the recipe, underlined twice: ‘Do not hurry the roux. A hurried roux is a burnt roux. A burnt roux is nothing.’

I make the gumbo every year on the last day of August, which is close enough to the anniversary that I mean it deliberately. I make it in her pot. I invite everyone I know. The first time I made it alone, I burned the roux at twenty minutes, which is the most common mistake, and I threw it out and started over, which is what she would have done, and which is what you do when something fails: you start the roux again and you stand at the stove and you stir.

Gumbo with okra, andouille, and shrimp in a dark chocolate-coloured roux base
The roux should be the colour of dark chocolate — darker than milk, darker than hazelnut. It takes thirty minutes of constant stirring and it cannot be rushed.

Serves

8–10 people

Total Time

3 hours (the roux alone is 30–40 minutes)

Origin

New Orleans, Louisiana — gumbo is a Creole dish of African, French, Native American, and Spanish origins. The name comes from the Bantu word for okra.

Ingredients

The Roux

  • plain flour 120 g (1 cup)
  • vegetable oil or lard Equal parts flour and fat by weight — do not alter this ratio 120 ml (1/2 cup)

The Gumbo

  • white onion, diced 2 large
  • celery stalks, diced 4
  • green bell pepper, diced The Creole trinity with the onion and celery 2
  • garlic cloves, minced 6
  • andouille sausage, sliced into rounds Or any good smoked pork sausage 400 g
  • raw shrimp, peeled and deveined Add in the last 5 minutes only 400 g
  • okra, sliced into rounds Fresh or frozen; okra thickens the gumbo naturally 200 g
  • diced tomatoes 1 x 400 g tin
  • good chicken or seafood stock 1.5 litres
  • dried thyme 1 tsp
  • dried oregano 1 tsp
  • smoked paprika 1 tsp
  • cayenne pepper 1/2 tsp, or more
  • bay leaves 3
  • salt and black pepper to taste
  • filé powder Added off heat at the end — traditional Choctaw thickening and flavouring agent 1 tsp

To Serve

  • long-grain white rice, cooked Serve rice in the centre of the bowl, gumbo around and over it a mound per bowl
  • sliced spring onion to garnish

The Process

Gumbo begins with the roux, and the roux is where most people lose their nerve. Do not lose your nerve. It must go to chocolate — dark, nutty, fragrant. Everything after that is generous and forgiving.

1

Make the dark roux — do not leave the stove

In a heavy-bottomed pot or Dutch oven (cast iron is ideal), heat the oil over medium heat. Add the flour all at once and whisk immediately until smooth. Continue stirring constantly with a wooden spoon or whisk, reaching every corner of the pot, for 30 to 40 minutes. The roux will progress from white to blonde to peanut butter to milk chocolate to dark chocolate. You want dark chocolate. At any point you can reduce the heat slightly, but you cannot stop stirring. If you see black specks, it has burned — there is no recovering from this. Start again.

Odette’s warning Burnt roux smells acrid and bitter. Dark roux smells nutty and rich, like toasted pecans. Your nose will know the difference.
2

Cook the trinity

When the roux reaches a deep chocolate colour, add the onion, celery, and bell pepper all at once. The vegetables will sizzle and steam dramatically. Stir continuously for 5 minutes — the roux will cool slightly and the vegetables will begin to soften and absorb the fat. Add the garlic and cook for 2 more minutes. The kitchen should smell extraordinary at this point.

3

Brown the sausage

Add the andouille slices to the pot and stir to coat them in the roux. Cook for 3–4 minutes, turning occasionally, until the edges are browned.

4

Build the gumbo

Add the diced tomatoes and stir well. Pour in the stock gradually, whisking as you go to dissolve the roux evenly without lumps. Add the dried herbs, paprika, cayenne, and bay leaves. Bring to a boil, then reduce to a moderate simmer. Add the okra. Cook, uncovered, for 45 minutes to 1 hour, stirring occasionally. Skim any fat that rises. The gumbo should be thick, dark, and deeply fragrant.

5

Add the shrimp and filé, then serve

Taste and adjust seasoning. Two minutes before serving, add the raw shrimp and stir gently — they cook fast and will be rubbery if overdone. Remove from heat and stir in the filé powder. Do not boil after adding filé or it will become stringy. Ladle over white rice in deep bowls. Scatter with spring onion. Serve with hot sauce on the table.

Notes from Celeste B.

Gumbo exists on a spectrum in New Orleans: seafood gumbo, chicken and sausage gumbo, z’herbes (green gumbo, made on Holy Thursday with leafy greens). Odette’s version was Creole — tomato-based, okra-thickened, with both seafood and sausage. Some cooks will insist you cannot include tomato or that okra and filé should not both be used. They are all right, and they are all making a different gumbo.

The gumbo improves after 24 hours in the refrigerator. The flavours deepen and the roux thickens further. Do not add the shrimp until you reheat and serve — add them fresh each time.

If you burn your first roux, you start again. Odette burned her first one too, apparently. She told me this once, matter-of-factly, as if it was obvious. I think she told me so that when I burned mine I would remember that it was not failure — it was just the first attempt.

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